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Mahabali, after his victory over the gods, declared that he would perform a Yajna ( homa sacrifices/rituals) and grant anyone any request during the Yajna. Vishnu refused to join the gods in violence against Mahabali because Mahabali was a good ruler and his own devotee.

According to Vaishnavism, the defeated Devas approached Vishnu for help in their battle with Mahabali. Prahlada's grandson, Mahabali, came to power by defeating the gods ( Devas) and taking over the three worlds. The dwarf Vamana taking a leap-step is a part of many Hindu temple arts (above), and one legend behind Onam. The festivity of 'Sravana' takes place in Kerala. ' Gangs of lads, playing their bows hoot loudly again and again All women make their husbands provide wealth and pleasure All men are wandering hither and thither to present beautiful garments to their women. It is presumed that this is none other than Onam as śrāvaṇa is the Sanskrit name of the nakshatra Thiruvonam. Uddanda Sastrikal, a Sanskrit poet from the court of the Zamorin, has written about a festival called śrāvaṇa.A 12th-century inscription in the Tiruvalla Temple, one of the largest Hindu temples in Kerala dedicated to Vishnu, mentions Onam and states a donation was made to the temple as the Onam festival offering.

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An 11th-century inscription in the Thrikkakara Temple (Kochi) dedicated to Vamana – an avatar of Vishnu – mentions a series of offerings made by a votary over two days prior and on Thiru Onam.

The 9th-century Pathikas and Pallads by Periyazharwar describes Onam celebrations and offerings to Vishnu, mentions feasts and community events.

It mentions Onam being celebrated in Madurai temples, when games and duels were held in temple premises, oblations were sent to the temples, people wore new clothes and feasted.

The earliest known reference to Onam is found in Maturaikkāñci – a Sangam era Tamil poem.

Literature and epigraphical evidence suggests that Onam has a long religious context and history in Kerala and neighboring parts of South India: The date is based on the Panchangam which falls on the 22nd nakshatra Thiruvonam in the month Chingam of Malayalam calendar, which in Gregorian calendar falls between August–September.

Since then, multiple temple inscriptions record celebrations of Onam. The earliest known reference is found in Maturaikkāñci – a Sangam poem – which mentions Onam being celebrated in Madurai temples. The festival probably has ancient origins and it became intricately linked with Hindu legends at some later date.

In the state-sanctioned celebrations, Mahabali is portrayed as a cultural hero: a just and benevolent ruler, he chose to even give up his rule/life for protecting his subjects, and was allowed by Vamana to return once a year. However, there are other interpretations of the same myth-cycle. Within the textual tradition (primarily Mahabharata), Mahabali is noted to be an Asura, who found liberation at the feet of Vishnu through charity and religious rectitude. Drawing from Hindu mythology, Onam commemorates King Mahabali and Vamana. A major annual event for Keralites, it is the official festival of the state and includes a spectrum of cultural events. Onam ( Malayalam: ഓണം, romanized: Ōṇaṁ, IPA: ) is an annual Hindu harvest festival celebrated in the Indian state of Kerala. Sadya, Thiruvathira Kali, Puli Kali, Pookalam, Ona-thallu, Thrikkakarayappan, Onathappan, Tug of War, Thumbi Thullal, Onavillu, Kazhchakkula, Athachamayam, and Vallamkali.Ĭhingam ( siṃha) masam, Atham ( hastā) nakshatramĬhingam ( siṃha) masam, Thiruvonam ( śrāvaṇa) nakshatram Rangoli, called pookalam, is an Onam tradition